
The Impact of Capital Structure on the Financial Performance of Companies
Capital structure, essentially the mix of debt and equity a company uses to finance its operations and growth, is a cornerstone of corporate finance. It’s not just an accounting detail; it’s a strategic decision that profoundly influences a company’s risk profile, cost of capital, profitability, and ultimately, its overall financial performance. For executives, investors, and analysts, understanding this interplay is critical for assessing a company’s health and future prospects. This article delves into the intricate relationship between a company’s capital structure and its financial performance. We’ll explore theoretical frameworks, practical implications, the factors influencing optimal capital structure, and how these choices ripple through a company’s financial statements. Understanding Capital Structure A company’s capital structure is typically expressed as the debt-to-equity ratio, or more broadly, the proportion of long-term debt, short-term debt, common equity, and preferred equity used to finance its assets. The core objective in capital structure decisions is to








